A little advice on life for anon,

[Continued from here X] What is our value in life? Who defines it? Can we improve ourselves alone? Do we take in all the criticism/advice from others?

You’re not alone,

I would bet that your parents, sister, teachers, all of them have experienced this, too. These are things we all deal with throughout life in different variations.

As I wrote under the cut, as introspective as he can be, I don’t think Lestat is necessarily the best at giving advice on this subject, and then, my own headcanon of him will vary from other Lestats. My Lestat doesn’t like to get down too deeply in emotional details.

DISCLAIMER: I’m not a psychologist, just another person trying to navigate my way through this life, so what works for me might not work for you. Different things work for different people. If you need professional help, please seek it!


These people in your life who make you feel inferior, maybe they’re not intentionally trying to be so crushing. They might not be aware that it’s hurtful. Or, you might need them to be more gentle with you than they are with others. People have different levels of sensitivity. You might want to level with your advisers, tell them specifically how you feel, and maybe you can find a way for them to help you w/o it hurting. It may or may not be possible.

Lestat tried to do this with his family when he was growing up but he was ignored or interrupted, when he wasn’t being beaten back for trying to improve himself. So much for having a caring family. I think this is why he writes his feelings out, bc you can’t be beaten, interrupted, or dismissed when you’re alone, writing a novel. Were they intentionally trying to crush his spirit? I don’t think so. I think he just wasn’t a big concern for them, they had given him a job to do and expected him to shut up and do it. Some families are unfortunately like that.

One thing that I learned that really helped me was realizing the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic validation. Extrinsic comes from outside of you (awards for talent, people agreeing with your ideas); intrinsic comes from inside (your own feelings of self-worth and self-esteem).

So Lestat’s family was shitty and wasn’t supportive of him. Well, he found passion in hunting and providing for his family anyway, he found love in the animals he kept that helped him hunt. He found love and joy in being at the monastery school or the theatre troupe. He was congratulated for his natural talent with acting, which is extrinsic, but he felt it when he was onstage, even aside from the applause: “I found a tongue for verses
and wit I’d never had in life.”
Something bloomed inside him. 

You can nurture your own intrinsic well-being, you can validate your own opinions on things. I’ve found that this can lead to increased self-esteem and that confidence will help you achieve your extrinsic goals. Intrinsic satisfaction might be as simple as singing along to your fave music, and you’re hitting the notes and enjoying it so much that you don’t even realize how much time has passed. Like Nicki playing the violin. It’s called achieving Flow.

In positive psychology, flow, also known as the zone, is the mental state of operation in which a person performing an activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. In essence, flow is characterized by complete absorption in what one does.


So I’ll address your concerns myself now, I just didn’t feel it was appropriate for me to do it through a fictional character.

– Dear Lestat, I feel like I’m never enough. 

It’s the first thing you said and one thing you might try is altering your perspective. I recommend the study of positive psychology:

“Those who practice positive psychology attempt psychological interventions that foster positive attitudes toward one’s subjective experiences, individual traits, and life events. The goal is to minimize pathological thoughts that may arise in a hopeless mindset, and to, instead, develop a sense of optimism toward life.”

– Not smart enough for my parents, 

How are they defining “smart”? There’s so many kinds of intelligence! Are they just looking at grades? Someone who may not be good at science might be gifted in creative writing, and we need both kinds of people in this world. Maybe your parents want you to be something you’re not interested in, so I would talk with them about their expectations. 

What you are now and what you’re interested in now can change. There are so many stories of people changing careers in their lives in surprising ways, here’s one example:

Shih attended Johns Hopkins University, followed by medical school at George Washington University, then practiced for eight years as an obstetrician/gynecologist before realizing that baking, not medicine, was her calling.

“Everyone would say, ‘You’re a doctor; it must be so great to be able to save lives,’” she says. “But I felt like I was just pushing papers and feeling pressure to see more patients in less time. It was very draining. It just wasn’t fun anymore.” – Drained doctor leaves patients for pastries.

– not good enough of a sister, 

What defines a good sister? I know I can improve my relationship with several family members, one of whom I have major trust issues with, but that’s a two-way street. She has to want to improve our relationship, too. 

– my work is not nice enough for my teachers, 

“Nice enough,” is that about art, then? I had an art teacher who, let’s just say, we had terrible chemistry! I wanted to paint Dante’s Inferno kind of things and she wanted me to do more pleasant artwork. Flowers! We reconciled eventually but you know, teachers are people, too, and you might not be able to please them all. 

There are good and bad teachers out there, and teachers you just might not have good chemistry with whether they are good or bad. 

– I’m not thin enough, not beautiful enough. 

(As much as Lestat reminds us how gorgeous he is, I would suggest he himself doesn’t always feel so beautiful.*)

This “thin = beautiful” thing perturbs me, I’ve suffered under this delusion at various times over the years. I try not to reblog aesthetic posts perpetuating it. I feel like this “thin = beautiful” thing was perpetuated partly by:

  • Fashion designers – Their clothes should stand out, not the person wearing them, apparently, so they might prefer someone that is closer to the dimensions of a coat hanger than a person with shapes, 
  • Fashion designers – It’s always easier to take a dress seam IN than LET IT OUT. So I think enough last-minute failures in designs needing to be taken in have gradually made runway models slimmer and slimmer to the point of ludicrously teensy skeleton-girls *rolls eyes*
  • Insecure men – who are intimidated by women, and would prefer to see women as more fragile so that the men can feel more masculine in comparison.
  • Insecure men – who are intimidated by women, and want women to consider themselves a second-class citizen who has to EARN affection by living in physical denial.

In some societies, bigger is beautiful! An “unhealthy” weight by one society’s standards during one time period is desirable in others: [X

image

^Personally, I prefer Tiziano’s “Venere di Urbino” in its original form (left), which is clearly the point Italian artist/actress Anna Utopia Giordano was making when she ‘shopped a whole bunch of these classical paintings ;D

One of my favorite posts about this says, “I wish that people viewed themselves as they viewed flowers.”

image

^X by @sandflakedraws

For more on this, I have a tag for advice #on beauty.

– Even in things I really put effort into. 

Putting in effort alone sometimes doesn’t achieve our goals, or the effort needs to be different. Sometimes we take 2 steps back and 1 step forward in our journey to improve. 

I lost 30 lbs actually, for health reasons, and my weight loss path? Not a smooth linear line! Jagged as a mountain range. There were weeks when I fell off the wagon, and had to climb up again. It took me over a year. There was more than one point where I had to start all over again. My effort was not consistent throughout. Even when it was for weeks at a time, I would hit plateaus and not make any improvement even though I was doing everything right! My Weight Watchers leader and fellow members told me that they had experienced that, too. I was relieved to hear that from them, that it was normal. The human body is organic and does not necessarily respond as you think it should to specific stimulus. Same thing with life, it’s organic. 

– Do you have any advice for a desperate mortal?

These are questions that have come up for me and others at various times in life, and will continue to come up. I’ve given you some food for thought in this post, but most importantly, know that you are not alone. We can share our own experiences, as I have in this post, we can learn how to live with these questions and try to address them individually at different times in our lives.

Positive psychology has helped me immensely, but that might not work for you. If you need professional help, seek it! *hugs*


*Re: Lestat not really believing he’s so gorgeous: In my reading of VC, it seems like Lestat has struggled with not feeling good/attractive/skilled/etc. enough throughout his life and unlife. You could say, “Well, the one thing he feels totally enough about is in his physical appearance!”, but even then, I feel like it’s something of a “the lady doth protest too much”; he often reminds us how attractive he is (to the point that you sort of question if he himself really believes it?) and how fashionable he is since he grew up in poverty and has to make up for it now for eternity, but he also reveals these moments of body horror when he’s confronted with his own reflection and how much vampirism changes him through the series. So it seems like he’s insecure even in his own appearance.

Dear Lestat, I feel like I’m never enough. Not smart enough for my parents, not good enough of a sister, my work is not nice enough for my teachers, I’m not thin enough, not beautiful enough. Even in things I really put effort into. Do you have any advice for a desperate mortal?

♛Darling, you are good enough *embraces gently* Do we criticize a rose as it begins to bloom? No! You are a work in progress. Do not give others your permission to drag you down or crush your spirit, if that’s what they’re really doing. I’ve been there, I can recog

Of course, sometimes, that’s not what they’re doing. They might actually have something valuable to offer, but when there are so many voices, or it’s the heat of the moment, it feels so unbearably stifling. I know. 

Failure is a part of life. I fail more than I succeed, even in things I’ve put an incredible amount of effort into. Some things can’t be achieved on effort alone, some can’t be achieved at all. Some require different tactics. Each failure is a chance to lay it all out and strategize, whether to keep aiming for that goal, and if so, what steps might better achieve it. Perhaps advice from others is needed, perhaps not. 

Whether these people in your life are right or wrong, I’ve always found nourishment of spirit in inspiration. Seek out that which inspires you and consume it, let it nourish you in the face of negativity. Is it music? Art? Fashion? An indulgent bubble bath with candles and a good book? Do it. 

As for your beauty:

image

“How to describe what humans look like to us! … you can’t imagine what it’s like for us to look on living flesh. There are those billions of colors and tiny configurations of movement, yes, that make up a living creature on whom we concentrate.

But the radiance mingles totally with the carnal scent. Beautiful, that’s what any human being is to us, if we stop to consider it, even the old and the diseased, the downtrodden that one doesn’t really “see” in the street. They are all like that, like flowers ever in the process of opening, butterflies ever unfolding out of the cocoon.” (TVL)

You are in my thoughts, anon, and I hope you found some strength in my words. If anyone finds you less than beautiful, that is their own limited view of beauty.


//ooc; As introspective as he can be, I don’t think Lestat is necessarily the best at giving advice on this subject, and then, my own headcanon of him will vary from other Lestats. My Lestat doesn’t like to get down deeply into emotional details (which is why he didn’t address your specific examples, which I will address in an ooc post). Other Lestats are welcome to add to this, but you might want to ask them separately, too. 

Also, I’m just another blogger sharing my own experience, and I wouldn’t want to mislead you, I don’t know your situation and I am not trained in life coaching. If you are having real issues, please seek a professional, a guidance counselor or therapist, etc. 

Gallery

the-temptation-of-amadeo:

What a better way to read a book~
They are creating VC candles on instagram, go check their work it is incredible! 🙂

PS: In the bath and a tea it is even better!
From the lovely @cjfiend/@getfictional on Instagram

I loove your Vampire Chronicles illustrations!!! Keep them coming!

icestorming:

even if they are just messy sketches?? (Anyway thank youuu💕💕) was I dreaming when I got that these two sleep in the same coffin?

daniel-james-molloy:

|| Headcanon: Daniel’s vocabulary is something of a mishmash due to the decades he’s from, the parts he missed while he was mentally out to lunch, and what’s modern colloquialisms. As a result he’ll sometimes interject with something that is wildly out of date. Slang known to have come out of his face in mixed company:

  • Can you dig it?
  • Don’t be such a spaz
  • Far out
  • Bummer
  • Right to the max
  • Gag me with a spoon
  • Cool beans
  • Let’s Blow This Taco Stand

Sometimes he’ll explain himself. Usually there’s just uncomfortable silence. ||

Hey there! Not sure if you’ve already talked about this, but I was wondering what you think about Lestat’s singing voice? I personally always thought of him as having an almost Bowie sounding voice but with the energy and range of Brendon Urie from Panic at the disco. Idk if you’ve heard the song Emperor’s New Clothes by Panic! but that song is kinda how I think Lestat would sound- I think he’d have a kick ass falsetto voice. Also Ave Cesaria by Stromae is a good example in terms of French music

artisticfreedomofexpression:

i-want-my-iwtv:

Hello hello~~~ This post got very long! It’s a big question!

I guess I haven’t talked about Lestat’s singing voice bc I can’t find it, but YES, #headcanon accepted, Lestat would have a kick ass falsetto voice! 

I just drafted this post and it’s too long, so much more can be written and more vids could have been featured, but I’ve spen

The short answer: As with Beauty is in the eye of the beholder, so is music in the ear of the beholder, and your idea of Lestat’s voice is as valid as anyone else’s. Don’t let anyone tell you otherwise. 

I’m gonna offer a few responses on this, from AR, from canon, from a mutual VC fan friend of mine, and then respond to your suggestions. I had to make a cut bc the post was getting long.

SO, AR has said, on several occasions, that Bon Jovi was a big influence on Prince Lestat. She even dedicated Prince Lestat to Bon Jovi (as one of her muses). [X]

image
image
image

I also seem to recall Lestat mentioning a love for Bruce Springsteen in canon, but that might have been fanon. In QOTD, Baby Jenks says Lestat sings like the Boss:

Baby Jenks did love the Vampire Lestat’s music,… Yes sir, that was the one she loved… It wasn’t the words that got to her, it was the way he sang it, groaning like Bruce Springsteen into the mike and making it just break your heart.

I’m on Fire, the lyrics and the way he sings it, seem very Lestatuesque to me. Try Dancing in the Dark, also very Lestatuesque to me…

Thanks @sanguinivora​ for linking me to this Vulture interview (12/1/2010)! AR answers the question:

What do you think Lestat’s band would sound like now?

Well, it always sounded to me like Jim Morrison. That was the band I based it on — Jim Morrison’s voice, physical beauty, and the sound of that band in a song like “L.A. Woman.” That’s how I imagined Lestat’s band sounding. I don’t know a lot about rock music right at this moment; I haven’t listened to a stadium band in a while. I don’t know the latest stuff. I really don’t know. The main thing in emphasizing Morrison is that I’m emphasizing hard rock. It’s really acid rock. It’s not lightweight rock music and there has to be a good voice at the helm. Morrison had an exceptionally good voice for a rock singer. But modernizing it? Sure, whatever. Bring it on.

Hit the jump for more, cut for length

Keep reading

Sorry I’ve taken so long to reply to this (which I thoroughly enjoyed reading by the way).

I definitely visualised Lestat as a rock star that was heavily influenced by Jim Morrisons style. Style; referring to his vocal abilities, the way he moves on stage, the fact that he is a intelligent, complex beautiful godly Vampiresque enigma of a man. Oh, and how could I forget those infamous leather pants. Vampires love their jet black leather or black crushed velvet. As far as his fashion influence goes, he really made leather pants a rock stars trademark.

It’s like if you watch The Lost Boys, there’s a huge homage paid to Jim. For example, Michael (Played by Jason Patric) pretty much looks just like him with his chiseled jawline and curly brown hair. Then there’s a huge poster in the Vampire gangs cave. Also they play a cover of People are Strange. Jim Morrison to me was exactly how I pictured a Vampire.

As far as The Doors songs go, I can definitely hear a sense of otherworldly, deep spirituality. They just have that sound which is both timeless and touches on ancient rituals and folklore.

What Doors songs are ‘Lestatesque’ to me:

-The End (Oedipus complex, very Lestat)
-Wild Child (Enough said)
-When The Musics over
-My eyes have seen you
-Five To One
-Not to touch the Earth
-End Of The Night
-L’America
-Changeling
-Waiting for the sun

Thanks @artisticfreedomofexpression, my Jim Morrison authority! 

yourtinseltinkerbell:

veronicaesque:

“Listen, keep your eyes wide,” Lestat whispered to me, his lips moving against my neck. I remember that the movement of his lips […] sent a shock of sensation through my body that was not unlike the pleasure of passion.

A dull roar at first and then a pounding like the pounding of a drum, growing louder and louder […] until it seemed to fill not just my hearing but all my senses, to be throbbing my lips and fingers, in the flesh of my temples, in my veins. Above all, in my veins […].

Do NOT trust Anne Rice

jennytrout:

barlowstreet:

calleo:

northstarfan:

rsasai:

Hello, Vampire Chronicles fans.

Sit down. We need to have a chat.

You see, while some people are very much excited for a new show about our pompous king of the assholes (and I say this as a term of endearment, having loved Lestat since I was a depressed teenager living in New York, shuffling through my mom’s fiction section) we need to pause and remember this:

Anne Rice does not support fan fiction or anything that is not glowing praise.

Read it again, slowly.

Anne Rice does not support fan fiction or anything that is not glowing praise.

This is difficult for younger fans to understand, but let’s take a walk down memory lane.

She has threatened to sue writers in the past. She is one of the most prolific writers of our generation, and she does not support people using her characters for their own work.

In fact, in 2000 she went on a binge-attack against her fans. She threatened legal action against fans who wrote or drew her characters, but especially those who wrote with them. She sent them weeks of harassing letters and doxxed them on the internet.

Let me repeat that.

She doxxed people who wrote fan fiction.

She harassed them online and threatened to contact employers.

She used her fans to outright attack other fans.

This isn’t even something she can just shake off now, with the comment of “It was so long ago” because she did this to a writer who wrote commentary on her story in 2013.

In 2013.

While it was not that she wrote fan fiction, she still shows that she has no respect for people who are in fandom.

Remember those disclaimers used in fan fics, at the beginning? “I do not own …. ”? Yeah, a lot of that has to do with the fact that Anne Rice and others like her would attack fandoms and threaten them, and was in hopes that they would just leave us alone. She didn’t.

In short: Do not trust Anne Rice. I love her writing, I have read every book she has even written, but I do not trust her.

You shouldn’t, either.

Anne Rice was and still is a bully. Don’t support her work.

She’s been like this since Geocities was the big place to have spec (that’s what fics used to be called, specs, as in speculative fiction) pages back in the mid 90s.

She use to threaten to sue anyone she found posting specs anywhere, and there was a whole underground network of people to share specs and fan art (which she also would threaten to sue over).

Anne Rice has always been kind of a twat about fan works based on her mediocre writing.

She’s harassed people quite recently. @jennytrout Wanna gossip?

What was that? “Raise your hand if you were ever personally victimized by Anne Rice?” 

DISCLAIMER: this is not about fanfic, but it is about what she can do to you.

So, I totally idolized Anne Rice. Fully and adoringly so. One day, she shared one of my HuffPo articles with her “people of the page” and it was probably the greatest day of my entire career. 

But she has this thing where she’s OBSESSED with bad reviews. At one point, she complained about a bad review she got for Interview from the New York Times or some such thing like forty years ago. She used it as an example of how reviews can hurt authors. I was like, seriously, lady, you have how many millions of copies of your books sold? How many movies have been made from them? *People try to find your house to take pictures of themselves in front of it.* But okay, everybody has their quirks. I just kind of rolled my eyes over it.

Not long after that, she made a post about this website that was made by a writer who apparently wasn’t getting the sales numbers or accolades they so richly deserved. The problem wasn’t like, the nature of the business or anything, nay, my friends, nay, but the fact that people–BULLIES!–left mean reviews on Amazon. So these people whom Rice so admired would make posts where they would reveal Amazon/GoodReads reviewers names and home addresses and such. One post even mentioned something like, “Between this time and that time every weekday, they go for a walk by the sea wall.” Scary, scary shit. And Rice LOVED these people.

I don’t know why I took it upon myself to argue with her. I really don’t. Maybe because I respected her so much and her support of the site was so disappointing? This was the result.

So, I’m a bully. Big whoop, right? And my feelings were a little hurt, but hey, never meet (or follow on social media) your idols, right? Lesson learned, and it wasn’t like this could destroy my fond memories of how much I loved her books, right?

So, fast forward, I think it was the next year, or at least a few months later, when I wrote a post about a dumb $0.99 Kindle book about Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings in a BDSM relationship. A pathetic little troll with too much hair gel and not enough parenting ran to his goddess Anne Rice to tell her how mean, mean, mean I was being. She posted a link to a blog post made about me on the reviews-are-bullies site and said something to the effect of someone needing to teach me a lesson or someone needed to show me how it feels or something like that. To THREE. MILLION. PEOPLE.

As a fan of Anne Rice, I am confident in stating that many of her fans are not okay people. And they heeded the command of their “queen.” Yes, they referred to her as such, flooding me with emails, tweets, FB messages, anywhere they could reach me. They posted my address, screenshots of google earth images of my house, they threatened to kill me, they made graphic threats against my children, one charming gentleman on parole from his assault sentence offered to make a necklace of my teeth to present to “my queen.”

When confronted about the fact that she had unleashed all of this on me, her response was basically:  ¯_(ツ)_/¯

She insisted she hadn’t done anything wrong, she couldn’t control what people were doing, and oh yes, it’s terrible that people are saying this, but she NEVER. ASKED. THEM. TO. STOP. In fact, she joined her “people of the page” in mocking my appearance, mourning the horrible lives my children must have, and continuing to insist that my “prison tats” indicated that I was a member of a gang (I have “TIME LADY” tattooed across my knuckles in the 11th Doctor era Doctor Who font). Egging them on with this coy, “Well, we shouldn’t say things like that, we’re better than that, BUT” bullshit.

Her “people of the page” also contacted one of my publishers and caused a multi-author anthology that was like, a year in the making to fold.

This all went on for weeks. Some of these people still occasionally pop up to threaten/antagonize. So, yeah. Steer clear. She holds a grudge, she can and will mobilize her fanbase against you, if she dislikes you she will ruin you, and she doesn’t care if her readers literally kill you.

I’ve seen this post going around and yes, I agree, do not trust Anne Rice. I get no satisfaction from adding to this post, I get no pleasure in Call Out culture, but it’s important information that needs to be shared.

The way AR sicced her zealous fans on these reviewers, her behavior was most unfortunate and beneath her. I hope it’s behind her now, but with the new series coming (maybe. *rolls eyes* it’s been 84 years) there will inevitably be less-than-glowing reviews and those reviews have a right to exist.   

Another example of AR siccing her fans on a reviewer was the Punishing Pandora fiasco, in which Kayleigh Herbertson, a blogger, tore up her own physical copy of Pandora and made it into other art, which, hey! It’s her copy of the book, she should be allowed to do as she pleases with it! AR was Not Impressed with any of this project, and sicced her fans on the blogger. As

Herbertson wrote:

Edit: It has come about that this post has been shared by Anne Rice herself, leading to a lot of angry comments (though also some very thought provoking ones). Please note that I am a small scale blogger, with less that 100 followers. Whilst I’m sorry to offend the masses of Anne Rice fans now flooding my page, please keep this in mind. My original intention was to buy a beaten up book second hand to turn into craft once reading it. This happened to be Pandora. I’m sorry for not mentioning this from the word go but I can’t believe that Anne Rice has been so affronted to share this to her Facebook Page knowing how biased her fan base would be when reading my post and the result that this would cause. At this time I choose not to remove this post or the comments, the only difference is that a well-known author has singled out a single post from a tiny blog for her followers to demonize. Thank you for your time.

In my opinion, it is never acceptable to threaten to or cause real harm to real people over fictional works. We have a right to review works put out into the public domain and an author should know that they risk criticism. We have a right to buy a copy of their book and turn it into f*&’ kitty litter if we want to. That’s among our rights as a consumer of the book.

This is a VC fandom blog and I try to accentuate the positive, and encourage fanworks, etc. I try not to criticize AR herself, but this is a very important thing to inform new fans about and to keep in mind, if you lived through these times. I’ve also mentioned the war on fanfic she waged on her fans in the 90s. Not a pretty part of our fandom’s history but it happened and we should be mindful of it.

It seems like she has stopped encouraging this kind of behavior, and I hope for the sake of the fandom she will keep in mind the influence she has over her more zealous fans and continue her current attitude of ignoring what she doesn’t approve of. 

hagar-972:

animatedamerican:

alternativetodiscourse:

I’ve been thinking a lot about compassion in Judaism, and being kind. In that light, I would like everyone to know that my current favorite Jewish supernatural headcanon is that, instead of driving vampires away with crosses or stakes through the heart, we say the Mourner’s Kaddish for them. I mean, that’s just so adorable. You see this threatening undead creature, and instead of yelling murder, you feel bad for them, and you mourn for them. Imagine being a vampire at the receiving end of that, having been chased away for years and years and told you’re a monster when you come across someone who sees you and your existence and accepts that you’re in a pretty bad place and offers help in the best way they can. I’m actually tearing up about this a little. If someone adds to this post I’ll love them forever.

It doesn’t work for zombies.

This is one of the hardest things she learns, in the business.  Saying the Mourner’s Kaddish will slow a vampire, to stare at you with wide shocked eyes (and once, memorably, to weep blood-tinged tears), unable or unwilling to lift a hand against you.  It will calm a dybbuk, enough to make it stop whatever destruction it’s begun, and almost always enough to start a conversation about why it clings so desperately to the world of the living, what it’s left undone, how it can be freed to move on.  You have died, the Kaddish says, and we mourn you as we would mourn our own dead, because someone must.

But there is no soul and no mind left in a zombie, no vestige of the self it once was, nothing left for the Kaddish to speak to.

She says it anyway, with every head-shot, with every flung grenade.

Not because she still hopes one might hear her, but because they are dead, and the dead should be mourned.

…this is gorgeous.